Tumor cells with BRCA1/2 mutations can be targeted using poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors like olaparib and talazoparib ( TP53 (associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome) and PTEN (linked to Cowden syndrome) have been found to be associated with familial breast cancer, as these genes are heritable, keeping women at potential risk to develop cancer during their lifetime ( PALB2, ATM , and CHEK2 ( The polygenic nature of breast cancer has been illuminated by the polygenic risk score computed based on multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS), implicating over 180 single-nucleotide polymorphisms ( BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, CDH1, ATM, PALB2, STK11 , and more, offering comprehensive genetic risk assessments ( Genetic risk factors and molecular subtypes together influence treatment outcomes
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