Importantly, it also seems to improve granulation collagen during wound healing, meaning not only is there an acceleration of the healing itself, but that perhaps there is a likelihood of less scarring when healing (Tkalcevi, et al 2007)
Overview on the effects of n-acetylcysteine in neurodegenerative diseases
Imokawa, G
however, researchers posit that these IGF binding proteins, including Receptor Grade IGF-1 LR3, may function either via IGF receptor-dependent mechanism or via IGF-independent mechanisms
Mechanisms of Muscle Hypertrophy IGF-1 DES promotes muscle growth through potent activation of IGF-1 receptors on muscle cells, triggering PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways mediating protein synthesis, increased amino acid and glucose uptake into myocytes, satellite cell activation and proliferation, inhibition of protein degradation (anti-catabolic effects), and enhanced muscle fiber hypertrophy