The Science-Soundbite Version Full name: Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Copper(II) Structure: A three-amino-acid chain (glycine, histidine, lysine) that chelates a single copper ion Natural origin: Found in human plasma, saliva, and urinehighest levels in our teens and twenties Why Copper Matters Copper is an essential trace mineral for more than 30 enzymes responsible for: Collagen cross-linking (skin firmness) Mitochondrial energy production (cell vitality) Antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase) By bonding copper to a peptide carrier, GHK delivers the mineral directly into target tissues without the toxicity risks of free copper ions
Frias, J.P., Nauck, M.A., Van, J., Kutner, M.E., Cui, X., Benson, C., & Haupt, A
10.1186/s12917-019-1945-2 175
Metro-P1 , Metro-P2 and Metro-P3 were added to a final concentration of 200 M and incubated for 1 h (37 C, 200 rpm) before the analysis described in the IP-MS measurement and data analysis section in the Supplementary Information
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If you are spending significant amounts on research materials, this investment in verification can pay for itself many times over by ensuring your peptide dosing protocols work with accurately characterized compounds
